Nallur Rajadhani: City Layout
V.N.Giritharan B.Sc (Built Environment in Architecure)
Publisher: Sneha Pathippagam (Madras)
Translation By: Latha Ramakrishnan

[Preface][Forward][Chapter 1][Chapter 2][Chapter 3][Chapter4][Chapter5]
[Chapter 6][Chapter 7] [Chapter 8][Chapter 9][Chapter 10][Chapter 11]

 
Chapter 7:  Fort Entrance , Fort Base, And Veyilugantha Pillaiyar Temple
 

logo.gif (31909 bytes)Having the 'Muthirai Santhai' (Market) as the focal point and viewing things it becomes clear that some sort of structural evenness which can be perceived there is indirectly pointing at the city layout of the ancient Nallur Rajdhari. At the same time what the historical books say of the West, North gateways of Nallur Rajdhari also came to my mind and so when I set out to see whether I could find out any information about the East, South gateways of the Rajdhari from the present Nallur city lay-out, more informations came my way.
 

1. Sattandhar temple
2. Church (the place where the old Nallur temple stood)

3. Veiyilugandha Pillayar Temple

4. The present Nallur Kandhan temple

5. The place where the old Veeramma kaliyamman temple should have been.

6. The spot where the old Kailasanadhar temple should have been


The piece of land that falls close to the Veiyilugandha Pillayar is
called Koettai Vaasal (Fort entrance). Another piece of land in the
Southeast Regions is called koettai adi.The fact that a piece of land having
the name `Koettai adi' is lying near to the Veiyilugandha Pillayar temple
gives room to think on the line that the eastern entrance of the Nallur
Rajdhari must have been in that region only. When an attempt was made in
the same way to find out whether there is any piece of land reminding of
`Koettai' that didn't prove fruitful. It was then that a spark flew in my
mind. If the royal-market had been the focal point of Nallur Rajdhari, then
the two big roads of the Nallur `Rajdhani - North-South, East-West must have
met each other near the market. If that were to be so, the road from the
north towards the market must have run straight without taking a curve in
the direction of the Nallur Temple. Like-wise, the road from west towards
the 'Muthirai Santhai' too must have gone straight. But, the road that runs
close to the Veiyilugandha Pillayar Temple curves near the church, and meets
the Point pedro street. But, it can be seen that if that street were to
have come straight it would have exactly cut across the designated market
place.

From our investigations we could find one more thing. That both
Veiyilugandha Pillayar temple and Sattanadhar temple are at an equidistance
from the 'Muthirai Santhai'. Taking into account the available historical
facts as well as information's derived from field examinations we can say
with conviction that Nallur Rajdhani must have existed with some kind of
structural evenness and regularity.

So, all the four temples must have been at an equidistance from the
'Muthirai Santhai'. Among the temples that were demolished during the
Porthugese rule Nallur Kandhan temple, as there was a church in the place
where the temple had been earlier was built in the place called Kurukkal
valavu. Based on this only the Kailasanadhar temple which was built
afterwards might have been constructed. Because, both Veeramaa Kaliyamman
and Kailasandhar temple are at an equal distance from Kandaswami temple.

Another surprising factor is that we can also see that this distance is
the same distance that the Veiyilugandha Pillayar temple and Sattanadhar
temple are from the 'Muthirai Santhai'.

Considering the fact that the 'Muthirai Santhai' was the centre of
Nallur Rajdhani, we can reasonably contend that the temples which were in
all the four directions must have been somewhat at an equidistance from the
market place. But, seeing that the Veiyilugandha Pillayar temple and the
Sattanadhar temple of these days are at an exactly same distance from the
place called the 'Muthirai Santhai' it looks like that the temples which
were demolished during the rule of Porthugese must have been rebuilt in some
nearby spot or at the exact spot itself. At the same time the other three
temples - the Nallur Kandhasami temple, Kailasanadhan temple and the
Veeramaakaliyamman temple had been built in new, different spots when their
reconstuction took place. Not only that, when they were so built the other
two temples must have been constructed having Nallaikandhan temple as the
center.

In the course of our field research works we were able to come across
another important factor also. Veeramaakaliyamman temple which is the
shrine of Kottravai, the tamils' goddess of war' is situated in places such
as Aanaippandhi which is associated with warfare.The temple of Veiyilugandha
Pillayar temple who is the defending god of farmers is located in the area
adjacent to Semmani which is full of

agricultural fields. And, the other two temples have been built for the
safety and security of the Rajdhani.

When we compared the informations about Nallur Rajdhani obtained
through field research works and also the assumptions based on those
informations with that of the Ancient Hindus of city layout norms and forms,
many more facts surfaced.

 V.N.Giritharan ©2000-2003