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பதிவுகள்
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பதிவுகள் சஞ்சிகை உலகின் பல்வேறு நாடுகள் பலவற்றில்
வாழும் தமிழ் மக்களால் வாசிக்கப்பட்டு வருகிறது. உங்கள் வியாபாரத்தை
சர்வதேசமயமாக்க பதிவுகளில் விளம்பரம் செய்யுங்கள். நியாயமான விளம்பரக் கட்டணம்.
விபரங்களுக்கு ngiri2704@rogers.com
என்னும் மின்னஞ்சல் முகவரிக்கு எழுதுங்கள்.
பதிவுகளில் வெளியாகும் விளம்பரங்களுக்கு
விளம்பரதாரர்களே பொறுப்பு. பதிவுகள் எந்த வகையிலும் பொறுப்பு அல்ல. வெளியாகும்
ஆக்கங்களை அனைத்துக்கும் அவற்றை ஆக்கியவர்களே பொறுப்பு. பதிவுகளல்ல. அவற்றில்
தெரிவிக்கப்படும் கருத்துகள் பதிவுகளின்கருத்துகளாக இருக்க வேண்டுமென்பதில்லை.
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கடன் தருவோம்! |
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நீங்கள் கனடாவில் வசிப்பவரா? உங்களுக்கு 'மோர்ட்கேஜ்' வசதிகள் இலகுவாகச் செய்து தர வேண்டுமா? கவலையை விடுங்கள். யாமிருக்கப் பயமேன்! விபரங்களுக்கு
இங்கே அழுத்துங்கள்
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மணமக்கள்! |
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தமிழர் சரித்திரம்
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 சுவாமி ஞானப்பிரகாசரின் யாழ்ப்பாண வைபவ விமரிசனம்(ஆங்கிலத்தில்)|முதலியார் இராசநாயகத்தின்)|மயில்லவாகனப் புலவரின் யாழ்ப்பாண வைபவமாலை|மட்டக்களப்பு இந்து ஆலயம்|ஸ்ரீனிவாச ஐயங்காரின் தமிழர் சரித்திரம்|தென்னிந்தியாவின் ஆலய நகரங்கள்| |
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தமிழ்
எழுத்தாளர்களே!..
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அன்பான
இணைய வாசகர்களே! 'பதிவுகள்' பற்றிய உங்கள் கருத்துகளை வரவேற்கின்றோம். தாராளமாக எழுதி
அனுப்புங்கள். 'பதிவுகளின் வெற்றி உங்கள் ஆதரவிலேயே தங்கியுள்ளது. உங்கள் கருத்துகள் ப் பகுதியில்
இணைய வாசகர்கள் நன்மை கருதி பிரசுரிக்கப்படும். பதிவுகளிற்கு ஆக்கங்கள் அனுப்ப விரும்புவர்கள்
யூனிகோட் தமிழ்
எழுத்தைப் பாவித்து மின்னஞ்சல் editor@pathivukal.com
மூலம் அனுப்பி வைக்கவும். தபால் மூலம் வரும் ஆக்கங்கள் ஏற்றுக் கொள்ளப் படமாட்டாதென்பதை வருத்தத்துடன்
தெரிவித்துக் கொள்கின்றோம். மேலும் பதிவுக'ளிற்கு ஆக்கங்கள் அனுப்புவோர் தங்களது சரியான மின்னஞ்சல்
முகவரியினைக் குறிப்பிட்டு அனுப்ப வேண்டும். முகவரி பிழையாகவிருக்கும் பட்சத்தில் ஆக்கங்கள் பிரசுரத்திற்கு
ஏற்றுக் கொள்ளப் படமாட்டாதென்பதை அறியத் தருகின்றோம். 'பதிவுக'ளின் நோக்கங்களிலொன்று இணையத்தமிழை
வளர்ப்பது. தமிழ் எழுத்துகளைப் பாவித்துப் படைப்புகளை பதிவு செய்து மின்னஞ்சல் மூலம் அனுப்புவது அதற்கு
முதற்படிதான். அதே சமயம் அவ்வாறு அனுப்புவதன் மூலம் கணிணியின் பயனை, இணையத்தின் பயனை அனுப்புவர்
மட்டுமல்ல ஆசிரியரும் அடைந்து கொள்ள முடிகின்றது. 'பதிவுக'ளின் நிகழ்வுகள் பகுதியில் தங்களது
அமைப்புகள் அல்லது சங்கங்களின் விழாக்கள் போன்ற விபரங்களைப் பதிவு செய்து கொள்ள விரும்புகின்றவர்கள்
மின்னஞ்சல் மூலம் அல்லது மேற்குறிப்பிடப்பட்ட முகவரிக்குக் கடிதங்கள் எழுதுவதன் மூலம் பதிவு செய்து கொள்ளலாம். |
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Children literature! |
Black Holes: The Mysteries Of Space!
By: Thamy Giritharan
 You
know, people are very curious creatures. Yes, I’m saying that you (and me) are
very curious creatures. But hey! There’s nothing to be ashamed about. It’s
natural! Really! Anyway, we wonder about all sorts of things. Like: Are there
any black holes in the universe? Well, this question fascinates me a lot! I
think there is a very good chance for black holes to exist. So, I decided to
write about black holes: The greatest mysteries of space! In this paper, I’ll
talk about black holes: what they are, the parts of a black hole, and how to
find them and where they mostly are. Also, I’ll talk a little bit about quasars,
which also interest me. So sit back, relax, and BEWARE OF BLACK HOLES!
Do you know what are black holes? Well, many people have heard of them but don’t
know what they are. Some know a little bit about them, but have the wrong
picture. If you’re confused, you don’t have to be. That’s what this report is
for. I’ll tell you the real deal behind black holes.
A black hole is basically a place in space (hey, that rhymes!) where gravity is
SO strong! Once something gets too close to a black hole, it can never ever,
ever, ever, (you get the picture) escape. It’ll swallow it up! Nothing can
escape from a black hole, not even the fastest thing on earth: light.
Black holes aren’t true stars, but are made of stars. Or should I say HUGE
stars! See, our sun can never be a black hole; its mass is too small. It takes a
star with a HUGE mass to become a black hole. And how do we know all this? It’s
thanks to an Indian scientist, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. He was born on
October 19, 1910 in Lahore, India (now Pakistan) and died on August 21, 1995 in
Chicago, Illinois (USA). In 1930, he developed a formula; which helps us detect
which stars can turn into black holes, and which ones cannot. He says that the
heaviest possible white dwarf weighs 1.4 times the mass of the Sun. This number
is called the Chanderasekhar Limit. It’s weird,
because a white dwarf is so small, but is heavier than the Sun! Anyway, that
means any star that weighs 1.4 times the mass of the Sun can be a black hole. If
a star weighs less, it’ll slowly drift into a white dwarf. Chanderasekhar even
won the Nobel Prize for his theory!
Astronomers also think that strange things happen to an object when it’s near or
inside a black hole. It’s a whole different world, (or universe!) in there. The
accepted laws of physics no longer apply, space is warped and time begins to
slow down. That’s the reason why many people think black holes can be used as
time travel or you can travel through a black hole and come out its other “end”
(which is called a ‘white hole’) and you can be in another part of the universe!
But nobody knows for sure. Even if we can investigate a black hole, it wouldn’t
be much help. Why? Well, nobody will ever return to tell us what he or she has
discovered! Oh well….
So how does the process of a star turning into a black hole work? Well, it’ll
only work if a star’s core is twice as heavy as the mass of the sun. Towards the
MASSIVE star’s death, the core will squeeze itself and then BAM! It explodes!
This explosion is called a supernova. The core still remains, and will keep
collapsing and collapsing until it becomes SUPER small, but SUPER heavy and
turns into the mysterious black hole.
Wait! If black holes swallow other objects in space, will it ever die? Or will
it keep going and going and going and then reaches Earth and- I don’t even want
to think about that!
You know, black hole isn’t a good name for a black hole. Black holes are neither
black nor holes! But it’s too late to change the name now. Anyway, its previous
name, frozen stars, is not as exciting as black holes. Black holes, it also
sounds so mysterious, don’t you think?
Moving on. Black holes aren’t solid objects (like stars) but are in the shape of
a sphere. The centre of a black hole is an extremely strange place. And I should
know! Actually, nobody does know for sure, but work with me here. This “point”
in space has an infinite amount of density. When I say that, it simply means
that the amount of matter contained in the “point” is too big to measure! This
“point” is called the singularity. The weird part is, that the singularity
doesn’t have any size!
Alas, we still don’t know if this is true or not. If the theory about the
singularity is right, then when a massive (and I mean massive!) star dies, all
of its material will disappear into the singularity. And don’t ask me if it’s
true or not, because I don’t know for sure, (nobody knows for sure!).
A black hole doesn’t have a surface, but it does have an event horizon. The
event horizon is the surface that marks the outer edge of the black hole. At
this point, nothing, and I mean NOTHING can escape from a black hole. Anything
that crosses this point is gone, forever! But, anything outside the event
horizon will rotate around the black hole, and has a chance of escaping. The
area outside the event horizon is called the ergosphere. So if you come across a
black hole, try to (at least) stay in the ergosphere. But it’d be much wiser to
never end up face-to-face with a black hole!
Did you ever notice that it’s easy to find planets and galaxies in space (for
the astronomers anyway) but it’s never easy finding black holes in space! Yeah,
it’s not a piece of cake! The only way to find a black hole is to find clues of
its effects on other objects in space surrounding it. But these effects should
be easy to spot, because of the HUGE amount of gravity around a black hole.
Right?
 Many
astronomers think that the best place to find black holes are in binary star
systems. Okay, at birth, if two stars are made close together they’ll orbit each
other throughout their lives! These stars are called binary stars, and they make
up binary star systems. This sounds rare and unusual, but actually, most of the
stars in our universe are made up of binary star systems! Weird, just plain
weird, but cool! Then the astronomers realized that if a single star was moving
as if it was in a binary system, then its partner could be a black hole! But, it
still isn’t proof! The partner can be a type of dead star, like a neutron star.
By the way, a massive star can end its life as a neutron star. Which is
so tiny, but has a huge density! A piece of a neutron star, say the size of a
grain of sand can weigh a million tons! Boy, I would never want to carry that
around!
In 1971, astronomers have found a possible place where a black hole can exist.
It’s in a constellation called Cygnus (it looks like a pretty swan!). The
possible black hole is called Cygnus X-1, which is about 6,000 light years away!
1 light year is the distance light travels in a year, which is 10 trillion
kilometres! And I thought travelling from Toronto to Ottawa is far, try
travelling a light year! There’s a blue supergiant star (which is 20 times the
size of Earth!) that orbits its partner every 5 ½ days. Its partner is
invisible, so it can be a black hole.
It’s thought that many black holes can be in the centre of galaxies, including
ours! Yikes! In 1994, the Hubble Space Telescope photographed the M87 galaxy.
The images showed strong activity in the middle of this galaxy. The activity was
far greater than normal star activity. It can be a super massive black hole!
Some of the biggest black holes can even swallow other black holes! Great, they
swallow stars, they can swallow us, and now they swallow other black holes! What
will they swallow next?
Now, to another weird space object: quasars. Quasars are larger than stars but
smaller than a galaxy! That means it’s HUGE! They are very bright objects, but
are thousands, no millions of light years away! We can still see them with, a
strong telescope, even if it’s so far away. Anything else that far away can’t be
seen with a strong telescope, only if they’re quasars, because they’re extremely
bright. Yes, quasars aren’t as mysterious as black holes, I agree, but black
holes can be in the centres of quasars! That’s a main reason why I like quasars!
Yeah, many people think that. Also, many people think that quasars are at the
edge of the universe. Well, if there is an edge of the
universe anyway.
In conclusion, I think there is a very good chance for black holes to exist.
That’s why I decided to write about black holes: The greatest mysteries of
space! In this paper, I talked about black holes: what they are, the parts of a
black hole, and how to find them and where they mostly are. Also, I talked a
little bit about quasars. The mysteries of space fascinate me, especially black
holes. I wonder if they really do exist. But, I really wonder: Will the universe
ever end? We’ll find out, one of these years, or millenniums! Or never! But,
what I do know for sure is, that this is the end of my report!
ngiri2704@rogers.com |
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